In Ghana, education follows a 6-3-3 system, where the primary school lasts for 6 years, the secondary school for 3 years and the secondary school for 3 years. According to the World Bank, in 2010, 33% of the population over 15 years were illiterate.

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Basic education

Children start school the year they turn six. Officially, primary and secondary schools are free and compulsory. The school is intended to teach both general subjects and provide basic knowledge in vocational subjects. According to the World Bank, almost all children have completed primary school in recent years, 58% continue at secondary school (2011) and over 40% enroll in secondary school (2012).

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Higher education

There is a strong increase in applicants for higher education, but only approx. 3% continue in higher education. The country has five universities, among others. University of Ghana in Accra (founded 1948), University of Cape Coast (1962) and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in Kumasi (1951). Furthermore, there are a number of colleges and polytechnic institutions.

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The country had a startlingly good development of the educational system from the liberation onwards in the 1960s. Ghana’s educational system has long been considered the best developed in sub-Saharan Africa. But financial problems from the mid-1970s had drastic consequences. In 1987, education policy was reformulated, and structural changes were made in an attempt to halt the qualitative and quantitative decline that had affected education at all levels. This reform program remains central to education policy.