Training
Schooling is compulsory and free of charge between the
ages of 6 and 15. 95% of children attend the six-year
primary school (2008). Most also go on to secondary school,
which consists of a five-year part and a final two-year
part. Since 1976, all schools have been state-run, and
increased integration between different population groups
has since been one of the school's main goals. Check topschoolsintheusa for test centers of ACT, SAT, and GRE as well high schools in the country of Guyana.
There are about 15 higher education institutions, among
others. University of Guyana in Georgetown, three teacher
colleges and various technical schools. More than 96% of the
population is literate.
In May 1976, Cheddi Jagan declared the need to develop "a
national anti-imperialist entity". This happened at the same
time as tensions at the border with neighboring Brazil. PPP
MPs returned to parliament, which they had withdrawn from 3
years earlier in protest against electoral fraud. A short
time later, Burnham set up a People's Army in defense of the
revolution.
The elections were postponed in favor of a referendum
that gave Parliament the task of drafting a new
constitution. This caused the PPP to withdraw its members
from parliamentary activities for the second time. In 1980,
Burnham was elected president by election there.
international observers were plagued by scams. The same
year, he asked for financial assistance from the IMF and
gave multinational companies the right to search for oil and
uranium in the country.
In June 1980, Walter Rodney was killed by a bomb attack
on his car. He was an intellectual with high international
prestige and founder of the opposition party Working Peoples
Alliance (WPA). Those responsible were never identified.
After the election, Venezuela resumed its border dispute
with Guyana. Caracas claimed the Essequibo area - about
159,000 km2 - which makes up three-quarters of
Guyana's territory, claiming that the area had originally
been occupied by British imperialism in the 19th century. In
1983, the parties joined the UN, and in 1985 they resumed
talks to resolve the conflict through diplomacy.
Negotiations focused on the possibility of providing
Venezuela with a land corridor to the Atlantic.
In Guayana, the economic crisis deepened and tensions
between government and trade unionism intensified. In 1984,
therefore, Burnham resumed negotiations with the IMF to
obtain a $ 150 million loan, but according to the fund. the
president conditions that were "unacceptable". The US
invasion of Grenada in October 1983 was strongly condemned
by Guyana, and the relationship between the two countries
deteriorated dramatically. Guyana therefore initiated a
rapprochement with the socialist countries.
Burnham died in August 1985 and was replaced by Desmond
Hoyte. The same year, the PNC won the elections by 78% of
the vote, but was accused by the opposition of extensive
electoral fraud. In 1986, 5 of the opposition's 6 parties
formed the Patriotic Coalition for Democracy. It decided to
boycott the municipal elections in 1986, which meant that
the ruling party got all the seats in the country's
municipal councils. Hoyte was re-elected president and
declared in January 1987 that the government was returning
to "cooperative socialism".
Parliament met on December 3, 1991, five days after the
government declared the state of emergency, with a view to
postponing the holding of elections scheduled for the same
month. The government overheard the opposition's protests
and extended the state of emergency until June 1992. At the
October 5, 1992 election, Cheddi Jagan, with 54% of the
vote, beat the incumbent president, gaining 41%. The PPP got
32 of Parliament's seats against the PNC's 31.
As one of the first South American leaders to declare
himself a Marxist in the 1950's, Jagan now returned to
power, ending 28 years of uninterrupted PNC rule. Unlike
neighboring countries - including Brazil - in early 1993,
Cheddi Jagan allowed the deployment of North American troops
for drills in the country's rainforests. At the same time,
he gave the United States military the right to operate in
Guyana to combat drug trafficking, and at the same time
pledged its participation in the development of the
country's interior.
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